In this study, focus groupsinvolving 66 nurse participants from various educational, clinical, and administrative backgroundswere utilized to better ascertain how the profession has changed. Food and culture (7th ed.). Undergraduate nursing students (three, one observer per focus group), trained as participant observers, took notes, paying particular attention to nonverbal behaviors and dynamics during group sessions. It is known that when a Italian goes to seek help from a health professional they tend to be open and willing to explain their symptoms. Learn what Italian values are prized and how this small nation has impacted the world. Another program that improves the health of the Italian American culture would be the Obesity Society. For example, possibilities exist for a nurse to have a managerial career. Italian - Cultural Approaches to Pediatric Palliative Care in Central Health (9 days ago) People also askWhat is the healthcare system like in Italy?The Italian healthcare system is ranked second in the world by the World Health Organization, just after the French healthcare system. Enrolled participants either had knowledge of the research topic or best represented the field (Elo et al., 2014). Copyright 2003 - 2023 - NursingAnswers.net is a trading name of Business Bliss Consultants FZE, a company registered in United Arab Emirates. . "Italian Culturally Competent Nursing Care." Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. Dinner is served later in the evening around 7:30pm and is the lighter version of lunch (Kittler et al., 2017). Since coraggio is [one of] our deep Italian values, it has to be in our ethical code in our professional identity. I can be very skillful but I have to be ready to greet this challenge and, in this way, my mind is changing too. 1Center of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship, Rome, Italy, The Evolution of Professional Nursing Culture in Italy. Use of the leopard spots metaphor to illuminate the strength of old regimes (still prevalent within the Italian health system) revealed the true nature of obstinate, resistive forces to changes in health care system reform. Culturally Competent Family Therapy: A General Model. Professional cultural evolutions or reformations in Italy have sparked in the field of nursing since 1992 and has resulted in major changes in the profession. Through IPASVI, we have easy access to existing programs and opportunities for new programs that bring global nursing models to us., Contradictions were revealed via nurses stories that pointed to paradoxes of practice. Older generation [of nurses] may not see value of ethical and psychological preparation. Even today undergraduates are coming out of universities that have the famous leopard spot; their educational teaching drives them to a task-oriented work and hence [these new nurses] dont have any enthusiasm. Doctoral students elaborated on other dimensions of the leopard spot metaphor: Its impossible to regress; we must go forward but the gap between older and younger nurses gets deeper, so going forward is harder.. Accordingly, study authors recommend that IPASVI-CoE takes the lead in advocating for change and additional nursing reforms at multiple levels including, but not limited to, the Italian Ministry of Health, the Unions and the National Board of Physicians. The medical and biomedical culture is still strong in Italy, especially in the center-south of the country and in rural areas as it is in most of the Southern European countries (Palese et al., 2013). They expressed awareness and also concern that other resources were urgently needed to sustain the IPASVI-CoEs infrastructure: IPASVI-CoE is the rock of salvation for nurses in Italy; it [is] the major support system to promote professionalism of nursing in Italy. Another participant noted that IPASVI-CoE gives opportunity for us to reflect practice, talk of changes, and have a path to a better future in nursing. Moreover, nurse directors added. Recognizing that there has been a lack of systematic studies to understand and document the impact educational and policy reforms have had on nurses and on current practice, we sought to explore nurses perceptions of their own professional growth and/or evolution as well as critical reforms that affected the culture of nursing as a health discipline. (Kittler et al., 2017), Pasta, eggs, meats, cheese, vegetables (eggplant, artichokes, bell peppers, and tomatoes), butter, dairy products, rice, olive oil, fish, beans, garlic, and spices (parsley, basil, oregano, anise, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves) are all staple ingredients in Italian foods. The social context of career choice among millennial nurses: Implications for interprofessional practice, The regulation of autonomy in nursing: The Italian situation, Industrial action by nurses: The Italian situation, The coding manual for qualitative research-hers, Writing a good read: Strategies for re-presenting qualitative data. (Kittler et al., 2017), Less pasta and more meat are consumed meaning that the amount of saturated fats in the diet is increased and the carbohydrates might decrease from that of the Italian culture. Nurses across the majority of groups also discussed the importance of life-long learning, with the IPASVI-CoE being cited as one of the leadership institutions that provides opportunities for professional development via new educational programs: Life-long learning is important for the contemporary nurse in Italy. End of story. Medical care at an Italian Medical Facility is very much the same as in the United States despite some cultural differences that . It is an ethical dilemma for us nurses, especially when we know models of global nursing standards. Although emotional tensions, particularly anxiety and fears relative to change, have been reported in the literature (Jensen & Lidell, 2009; Khalili, Hall, & DeLuca, 2014; Lachman, 2007; Lindh, Barbosa da Silva, Berg, & Severinsson, 2010), Italian nurses brought new insights regarding how emotional turmoil experienced in the most difficult of times related to their Italian value of coraggio was used to advance professional development and innovative patient care. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: Culture is one of the most important determining factors in healthcare preferences and practices. The ePub format is best viewed in the iBooks reader. I would make sure that my body language shows that I care about their well-being. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 34(2), 69. The young Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Studying nursing in Italy means that aside from witnessing the country's rich culture and history, you have a selection of excellent universities offering a high level of education. In Italy, professional cultural reforms connote different perspectives among the health professions. They included (a) clinical hospital-based nurses (n = 10); (b) nurses in community practice (n = 9); (c) a mixed group of hospital and community nurses (n = 9); (d) designated nurse scholars (n = 6), including three deans of schools of nursing; (e) hospital nursing directors (n = 8); (f) doctoral nursing students (n = 8); (g) masters nursing students (n = 7); and (h) baccalaureate nursing students (n = 9). . September 1, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/italian-culturally-competent-nursing-care/. The food alone is warm and comforting. The finding that Italian nurses described their professional evolution as akin to being in a deductive jungle warranted further study. What consequences are there for the future of the nursing profession in Italy if the current change did not happen? This whole "cultural needs" is an ancient nursing concept that needs to just go away. The practice is changing. Patient safety (Affonso et al., 2007; Manojlovich, Barnsteiner, Bolton, Disch, & Saint, 2008) and the adoption of evidence-based practice, for example, have triggered changes that transformed the culture of how and by whom health care is delivered. Camerino D., Conway P. M., van der Heijden B. I., Estryn-Bhar M., Costa G., Hasselhorn H. M. (2008). Bread normally accompanies the meal. Basic education is not enough. Italian nurses from both the younger and older generations expressed a mixture of confusion and frustration about how to manage the implications of cultural changes in both practice and education. Metasynthesis and bricolage: An artistic exercise of creating a collage of meaning, Nursing under the influence: A relational ethics perspective. 3. https://ivypanda.com/essays/italian-culturally-competent-nursing-care/, IvyPanda. Six themes emerged that provide insights into nurses experiences with changes occurring in Italy during the past decade (20012011). This transformation is motivated by the need to provide quality, affordable, and sustainable health care. Cultural competence is the ability to understand and appreciate different cultures, customs, and beliefs, and to apply that understanding to provide appropriate and effective care to patients from . The questions used to stimulate group discussion were likely too numerous; this precluded a fuller in-depth discussion, which was the goal of conducting focus groups. Similarly, designating a patient safety officer and offering structured educational training on teamwork collaboration may also promote a safety culture in the hospital. I want to say theres a contradiction that a real sense of nursing is lacking in our nursing science. Study group participants stressed that nurses needed courage to endure changes, make decisions, and feel a sense of value and worth. Retrieved August 4, 2019, from https://twu.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/pid-4576076-dt-content-rid-117317307_1/courses/17FANFS317351/HP2020_brochure_with_LHI_508_FNL.pdf. The Italian culture will benefit from this by the goals of lowering obesity and other chronic conditions such as diabetes. Free resources to assist you with your nursing studies! Coraggio signifies the depth of psychological resilience necessary to traverse negative forces encountered. For dietary restrictions I would carefully educate and motivate the client to make healthier choices and if they interfere with their normal social activities. in Italian women than Australian born. I enjoyed this cultural analysis because I got to research and learn about someone elses culture in-depth and determine a way that I would be able to counsel them. A third paradox (highlighted by master students) was the contradiction that a real sense of nursing was lacking in the current nursing science in Italy. Second, the study was the first to describe Italian nurses perceptions of cultural changes in their professional evolution. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this essay are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NursingAnswers.net. Ariel, S. (1999). Keep steady eye contact and listen to all that they are concerned about health wise. As follow-up to this study, IPASVI-CoE leaders presented these findings to the Minister of Health and her staff. What is the meaning of the culture of change that pertains to clinical nursing practice during the past 10 years in Italy? But this autonomy is a decision of that very moment and you still have to manage the patient. (Kittler et al., 2017), The fact that illness is due to contamination or heredity is believed by the Italian Americans. Study authors convened to generate themes from the codes and categories. Cultural competency is known to improve the attitudes and knowledge of nursing staff, which makes patients feel more at ease, leading to greater patient satisfaction scores. An exemplar is demonstrated in Latin countries where the juxtaposition of relational dimensions to quality care is manifested through expressive communicative styles that characterize strong relationships between patients and health care teams (Manara, Villa, & Moranda, 2014). Retrieved August 4, 2019, from https://www.obesity.org/about-us/. Only one system has possibilities for us, IPASVI-CoE. Focus groups utilized many descriptors to characterize the range of emotional turmoil and, at times, instability and fear experienced by and perceived by nursing professionals. We need courage to do change. Lindh I. Critique of Madeleine Leininger's Culture Care Theory. This trans-formation is most evident in the higher status of the nursing profession country-wide. In this regard, IPASVIs annual national conferences and biennial international congresses will feature the metaphors, specific to their implications for innovations in patient care. Study authors provided written assurance to participants for protection in confidentiality of the data. Meal wise lunch consists of an appetizer course to start, such as ham, sausages, pickled vegetables, and olives, or crostini (Kittler et al., 2017). This is a separate church for each ethnic group. allnurses is a Nursing Career & Support site for . Yet, these decisions largely reside in socio-political and governmental forces as described below. The fourth paradox was the contradiction of distinctively different standards of quality of work offered by private institutions versus public institutions even if nurses were accountable to providing parity in patient care. These included (a) critical processes (to build, manage, and sustain changes), (b) resources (including physical and intellectual capacity and funding), (c) multi-level supports including intra and intercollaborations (involving other disciplines), (d) cross-sector partnerships including the Italian Ministries of Health and Education, and (e) active community supports. Funding: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: IPASVI Center of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship in Rome, Italy. The aim of this study is to validate in Italian the "Nurse Cultural Competence Scale" (NCCS), an assessment tool which measures the cultural competence level of nursing staff. (Kittler et al., 2017), Based on views of family, church, and education an Italians worldview is focused on being self-reliant and upholding their families honor. or developmental, [such as knowledge of practice guidelines]. (Kittler, Sucher & Nahikian-Nelms, 2017), After immigration the Roman catholic Church is viewed at differently and is found in separate parishes (Kittler et al., 2016). ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. One of the key challenges of cultural diversity in nursing care is the need to . Gennaro Rocco, MScN, RN, is director of the Center of Excellence for Nursing ScholarshipIPASVI in Rome, Italy. Professional cultural evolutions or reformations in Italy have sparked in the field of nursing since 1992 and has resulted in major changes in the profession. Elo S., Kriinen M., Kanste O., Plkki T., Utriainen K., Kyngs H. (2014). Destrebecq A., Terzoni S., Colosio C., Neri L., Brambilla G. (2009). The sample limited comparisons or contrasts of nurses perceptions because most of the participants were largely urban nurses from Rome and Genoa. But do we have the courage to do so?. It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. Its difficult to make change on the units. The Villa Carital Care Community was built and funded by the Carraresi Foundation and the British Columbia Provincial Government. Because multitude of changes occurred in a relatively short period of time (19922006), they incurred instability and sometimes chaos in patient care settings. As patients advocates, critical care nurses are needed to maintain assessments made by patients or their families that could replicate a cultural standpoint that diverges from conventional healthcare procedures. Cultural profiles Community profiles for health care providers. What Does It Mean to Be a Culturally Competent I/O Psychologist in New Zealand?. For Italian nursing students, the experience with dying patients is formative. Metaphors in qualitative research: Shedding light or casting shadows? Nurses bring these rich cultural values with them to the profession. Study authors used a semi-structured focus group format. The vortex metaphor disclosed powerful images of conflict and struggle as encountered by nurses, particularly among clinical nurses at the hospital level, and by nurse leaders. FGDs were the primary method of data collection. Camerino D., Estryn-Bhar M., Conway P. M., van Der Heijden B. I., Hasselhorn H. M. (2008). The social context of nursing is important for our professional identity. The complexities that underpin the vortex were also discussed by doctoral students as follows: The decisional autonomy, the right way to communicate, the process of decision-making, the right way to practice is to be studied by us [nurses]. This in-depth analysis resulted in the development of a codebook. Cultural values, beliefs, traditions and behaviors inform our care and make us . Professional dignity in nursing in clinical and community workplaces. (2010, November). Masters students emphasized that There is a huge variability in educational curricula, because we have no common curricula for nurses in Italy, which puts us in a deductive jungle in practice. Focus groups data were transcribed verbatim within 2 days of the group session. Breakfast normally includes coffee with milk, tea, or a chocolate drink, with bread and jam (Kittler et al., 2017). (2021) 'Italian Culturally Competent Nursing Care'. Italian Culturally Competent Nursing Care. Patient liaisons at San Bortolo can be reached at 0444-75-3300. Our nursing and healthcare experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have, from simple essay plans, through to full nursing dissertations. Email: Received 2014 May 2; Accepted 2014 Jul 28. The table below compares and contrasts the Italian culture as it is viewed in Italy and in the United States. identify nationwide health improvement priorities, increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability, and the opportunities for progress, provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, state, and local levels, engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven by the best available evidence and knowledge, and identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs (Healthy people 2020, 2019). All participants signed a consent agreement signifying acceptance of the procedures involved in study, the focus groups in particular. Job satisfaction of Italian nurses: An exploratory study, Nursing roles and levels of practice: A framework for differentiating between elementary, specialist, and advancing nursing practice, European nursing students academic success or failure: A post-Bologna Declaration systematic review, The Bologna Process: The quiet revolution in nursing higher education. If I were to Counsel someone from the Italian culture, I would keep the above in mind. Lahtinen P., Leino-Kilpi H., Salminen L. (2014). This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (, culture / cultural competence, Europe / Europeans, focus groups, health professionals, research, qualitative, nursing. Many nurses noted that the hard core of the Italian health system difficult to break and the persistent medical umbrella were obstacles to advancing not only nursing but also other health professions. Methods: The NCCS scale has been back translated and applied to a sample of nursing students of the San Paolo Hospital in Milan; the scale has been assessed for validity . September 1, 2021. https://ivypanda.com/essays/italian-culturally-competent-nursing-care/. Cooking methods dont change from their Italian origins as they are close to the Americans cooking variations. . In these circumstances, the necessity for culturally competent curing is prominently obvious. (2021, September 1). So the care is different. Courage and nursing practice: A theoretical analysis, Abductive reasoning and qualitative research, Workplace violence against nursing students and nurses: An Italian experience, In search of salience: Phenomenological analysis of moral distress. Lunch is the biggest meal of the day and is known to be followed by a nap. Eight focus groups were convened in different regions of Italy with the majority held in Rome between December 2012 and July 2013. Though older immigrants fear that drafts (Kittler et al., 2017), hidden emotions and the supernatural might be the cause of illness. Their mission statement is Through TOSs (The Obesity Society) unique position, lead the charge in advancing the science-based understanding of the causes, consequences, prevention and treatment of obesity (obesity.org). Nurses must be able to understand and respect the cultural differences of their patients in order to provide the best possible care. About Us. Prompt questions to stimulate group discussion were as follows: Focus groups were 60 to 90 min in duration, facilitated by an Italian nurse investigator (fourth author), and conducted in Italian. Table of Contents 1 Chapter 01: 21st Century Maternity Nursing Chapter 02: Community Care: The Family and Culture Chapter 03: Assessment and Health Promotion Chapter 04: Reproductive System Concerns Chapter 05: Infertility, Contraception, and Abortion Chapter 06: Genetics, Conception, and Fetal Development Chapt Masters students reflected on coraggio as an Italian pathway: Change is very difficult, because even if I have got skills and Im aware of it, I have to put myself under discussion to change practice and I have to go against the team. Aside from its rich cultural heritage, taking a nursing program here can offer many work and learning opportunities. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. This facilitated and enabled full participation by all study authors, including those who did not speak Italian. Nurse directors emphasized the need for new strategies and systems: Many nurses perceive no supportive environment to cope with changes in nursing. The substance is present, but we have to give it visibility, said a study participant. The inclusion of three generational levels of nurses (ranging from young students, novices, experienced clinical nurses, and seasoned head nurses) provided a broad lens through which to examine the meaning of change. The program is designed for students to receive three credits in undergraduate NURS 4126 (nursing core . Laura Sabatino, PhD student, MScN, RN, is a lecturer at Tor Vergata University in Rome, Italy. Gennaro Rocco, Director of the Center of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship, IPASVI Rome, Viale Giulio Cesare 78, 00192, Rome, Italy. Italian Americans may seek medical advice from family and friends before consulting a health professional (Kittler et al., 2017). Many clinical settings were still rooted in archaic mind-sets that relied on old models of care. For example, Italians often try to talk over each other, making their voices louder and louder ("Italian culture," n.d.). Destrebecq A., Lusignani M., Terzoni S. (2009). already built in. Managing professional change is viewed as an essential component of health care system reform in several countries (Ayala, Fealy, Vanderstraeten, & Bracke, 2014). When nurses are knowledgeable about the cultural practices, values, and beliefs of their patients, they are better able to understand and address . Masters students also made reference to head nurses as part of the deductive jungle: Today the head nurses job is very bureaucratic and their competencies are not updated. Academic experts. specializes in NICU. To help you decide which school you want to study nursing in . 2021. Unfortunately, we, in Italy, have unions that are not ready to value nursing competencies. Although it was clear that IPASVI-CoE was pivotal to advocating changes and advancing Italian nursing, concern existed whether a singular nursing infrastructure was sufficient to maintain and sustain the changes in nursing practice and education that were needed in Italy. Based on a prior patient safety study, in which a metaphor of landmines in health care landscape (Affonso et al., 2007) independently arose via group discussion, we learned that Italian nurses preferred using metaphors during group discussions to capture the complexities of their clinical experiences.
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